An explanation was demanded for the complete absence of British security that allowed these elements to enter the high commission premises.
The bench also ruled that Pakistan had violated India's rights to consular visits after his arrest.
Here is a detailed timeline of the important developments in the matter of Jadhav so far.
The United States has appealed to India to uphold the Vienna Convention principles and ensure the safety and security of its diplomats stationed in the country, as New Delhi took a series of steps in response to the arrest and inhuman treatment of its diplomat in New York last week.
India, in its appeal to the International Court of Justice, accused Pakistan of "egregious" violations of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations.
The Supreme Court on Thursday rejected a plea for consular access moved by a family member of Indian national Nikhil Gupta, who is in a Czech prison following charges by the US relating to a foiled assassination attempt on Sikh separatist Gurpatwant Singh Pannun.
The External Affairs Ministry said the 'landmark judgment' validated India's position on the matter 'fully' and asked Pakistan to implement the directive of the ICJ immediately.
At the hearing while India demanded the immediate suspension of the former navy officer's death sentence, Islamabad accused it of using the world body as a stage for "political theatre" through a "misconceived" plea.
Israel launched missile strikes against Tehran during early hours on Friday (local time), ABC News reported citing a senior United States official.
After withholding posting of its Ambassador-designate Basant Kumar Gupta to Rome, the government on Monday said further steps will be taken after completion of the review of bilateral ties with Italy.
India has summoned Canadian high commissioner in New Delhi over propaganda material, including posters, containing threats to Indian diplomats being circulated in Canada and has served a demarche to the Justin Trudeau government.
Indian Consul General in New York has said the United States State Department is wrong in its reading of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations and asserted that diplomatic immunity is extended to family members of consular officers.
The plea involves 'egregious violation of Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 1963 by Pakistan.'
The United States has asked Pakistan to honour the diplomatic immunity to American citizen Raymond Davis, who was arrested for killing two people in Lahore, and release him under the Vienna Convention.
After weeks of tense standoff, the United States and Pakistan may be nearing an arrangement to repatriate US official Raymond Davis with the government expected to concede in court that the American qualifies for diplomatic immunity under the Vienna Convention. The government's counsel is expected to testify on Davis's diplomatic status when the Lahore high court reconvenes on Thursday.
Officials from the mission said the "attempted but failed" attack had been foiled and that the tricolour was now flying "grander".
India has constituted a probe team to investigate allegations relating to the foiled plot to kill Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, a Sikh extremist and known to be an American and Canadian citizen.
Ravi Batra said that the Vienna convention on consular relations required the New York City government to inform the consulate of a signatory country if a citizen of that country had been arrested.
Diplomatic immunity does not apply to family members of consular officers, United States State Department has said, a day after the daughter of an Indian diplomat filed a law suit against New York City, alleging that she was falsely arrested and suspended for sending obscene emails to teachers at her Queens High School.
US lawmakers have questioned the Barack Obama administration's move to give billions in dollars in aid to Pakistan and said Islamabad continues to build on its nuclear stockpile and support the Taliban.
Water flowing into Pakistan from the Sutlej, Ravi and Beas can be stopped only if three dam projects on this side of the border are completed.
Bangladesh said on Thursady that foreign embassies could deploy their own security personnel to guard their premises, dismissing opposition criticism over reports that India had sent a 50 member security squad for to secure its mission. "The foreign missions can undertake steps on their own for the security and carry out other programmes inside their premises under the Vienna Convention," a foreign ministry spokesman said.
In a tit-for-tat action, Pakistan has declared an Indian High Commission official as persona non-grata and asked him to leave the country within 48 hours.
"There has often been close, visible and occasionally even aggressive tailing of officers of the mission and their spouses."
The protest came a day after the two countries agreed to develop a corridor on their respective side of the border to link a historic Sikh shrine in Kartarpur in Pakistan.
In a significant step which will enable it to engage in international nuclear commerce, India signed the Convention on Supplementary Compensation (CSC) on Wednesday, which sets parameters on a nuclear operator's financial liability, at the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna.
The Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations gives the World Court the right to intervene in the cases of foreigners held in US jails.
India is likely to appeal against the decision of a US court upholding imposition of $ 42.4 million property tax on it by the city for using the United Nations Mission's building in New York for residential purposes.India has been arguing that tax cannot be levied as the diplomatic staff, which occupies the 20 floors of building in midtown Manhattan across the United Nations headquarters, is exempt from tax.
In light of the current environment where tensions have heightened, we are taking action to ensure the safety of our diplomats. With some diplomats having received threats on various social media platforms, Global Affairs Canada is assessing its staff complement in India, the high commission said.
India based its case on two broad issues -- breach of Vienna Convention on consular access and the process of resolution.
A group of pro-Khalistani protesters on Sunday attacked and damaged the Indian consulate in San Francisco, prompting sharp condemnation from Indian-Americans who demanded immediate action against those responsible for it.
Pakistan had first offered the consular access to Jadhav on August 2 but India had insisted that the consular access should be 'effective and unhindered'.
The All India Football Federation's (AIFF) website on Tuesday was hacked by an anonymous group called 'Zero Cool'.
The MEA called it an "inexplicable diplomatic discourtesy" by Pakistan
Over the years, Khalistani extremists were further "emboldened" and started "operating with impunity" from Canada.
'Instead of shouting at cricket matches, why don't we raise our voices for the release of the Indian Navy veterans in Qatar?'
According to government sources, the international court will give its verdict around 3.30 pm on Thursday.
Pakistan summoned a senior Indian diplomat to register a strong protest over India's decision.
A diplomatic passport does not necessarily give one diplomatic immunity, pointed out New York-based attorney Anand Ahuja, while commenting on the arrest -- and subsequent release -- of Devyani Khobragade, India's deputy consul general in New York on Thursday.
In the name of freedom of expression, space should not be given to those advocating violence or legitimising terrorism, India said on Thursday in a message to countries such as Canada, Australia, the US and the UK where pro-Khalistan groups issued posters with threats against senior Indian diplomats.